Research Areas

A brief summary of research areas for wireless sensor networks that have been attended to by our research group:

Routing Techniques

Our work in this regard has been to incorporate Logical Network Abridgement (LNA) scheme for generating a routing path dynamically. The LNA scheme measures underlying path diversity, network resiliency to congestion, node failures and attacks.

Topology Control

It is usually seen that in multi-hop wireless sensor networks, problems related to energy imbalance are quite common. For example, sensors closer to data sink usually forward large amount of traffic to nodes further away from the sink. These nodes tend to die early, leaving large tracts of coverage area un-monitored. This phenomena is called hotspot formation. Our work in this regard focusses upon mitigating such hotspots.

Time Synchronization

Time synchronization is a standard problem in Distributed Systems. The problem arises in its most simple form due to random clock drift rates of oscillating crystals. Wireless Sensor Networks adds a new dimension to the issues at hand with constraints such as energy consumption of algorithms, precison requirements, and possible synchronization of large number of nodes. Lack of synchronization results in early demise of networks, communication overhead, and most specifically loss of precision. Most recently, techniques for detecting and minmizing the effect of rogue nodes have been introduced. Such nodes can be used to deliberately distort node times and jeapordize operation of a network. Our aim is to extend this work for rogue nodes and servers, while giving consideration to energy constraints of the network.

Clustering

Partitioning of a network into small clusters such that each cluster is monitored and controlled by a node called the Cluster Head is one technique for enhancing network lifetime. In the case of death of this cluster head, a new cluster head would have to be chosen to continue monitoring. Our work has been to select a Cluster Head on basis of Evolutionary Computing method's. We have also investigated impact of energy ratio of a cluster head on the life time of quasi-centralized wireless sensor networks.